Wick drains, also known as Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) are prefabricated geotextile filter-wrapped plastic strips with molded channels. These act as drainage paths to take pore water out of soft compressible soil so it consolidates faster, often from decades to months.
The earthquake drain ground improvement method minimises bearing capacity failures and settlement during and immediately after a seismic event. It mitigates liquefaction by limiting excess pore pressures generated during seismic events to levels less than those that could trigger…
Rigid inclusions is a ground improvement method using high deformation modulus columns constructed through compressible soils to reduce settlement and increase bearing capacity.
Ground improvement efficiency depends on the stiffness relationship between the soil and the columns. Load from…
Mixed modulus columns, also known as columns with Mixed Moduli, mixed columns or CMM® is a ground improvement method using high deformation modulus columns constructed through compressible soils to reduce settlement and increase bearing capacity. CMM® is the combination of a rigid…
Dynamic compaction involves the controlled impact of a crane hoisted weight, of around 10-30 tonnes, falling in a pre-determined grid pattern to improve loose, granular soils and fills.
Rapid impact compaction densifies shallow, granular soils, using a hydraulic hammer, which repeatedly strikes an impact plate on the ground surface.
Rock grouting is normally done in fissured rock to reduce the flow of water along the joints and discontinuities in the rock.
Low mobility (compaction) grouting involves the injection of a low slump, mortar grout to densify loose, granular soils and stabilise subsurface voids or sinkholes.
Bulk filling generally uses a cement/pulverised fuel ash (PFA) mix to suit site conditions with compressive strengths in the order of 1.0 N/mm2. The mixes may include Sand and Bentonite etc as required. Gravel is introduced to fill major voids and/or to form containment barriers.
Polyurethane grouting involves the injection of expanding polyurethane to fill and seal cracks and voids and re-level slabs.
Driven piles are deep foundation elements installed using impact or vibration hammers to a design depth or resistance.
Franki piles, also known as pressure injected footings (PIFS), are high-capacity, cast-in-place elements constructed using a drop weight and casing.
Ductile piles are a deep foundation method using the displacement technique with prefabricated piles made of ductile cast iron available in 118 mm and 170 mm diameters with different wall thickness.
Helical piles, also known as screw piles, are constructed using steel shafts with helical flights (helix/helices) of various sizes to suit the site specific ground conditions.
A macropile® is an ultra-high capacity micropile, with high strength grout, steel reinforcement, and increased diameter over 300mm.
Micropiles, also known as minipiles, pin piles, needle piles, and root piles, are a deep foundation element constructed using high-strength, small-diameter steel casing and/or threaded bars.
Shotcrete can be used to create a natural-looking surface covering sculptured, textured or stained while wet to blend in with the environment.
Bored piles are a very effective, state-of-the-art construction element with many applications in foundation and civil engineering.
A secant pile wall consists of overlapping (secant) piles to form structural or cutoff walls and achieve the required water tightness. The design can incorporate steel bar or beams for reinforcement and anchors can provide additional lateral support, if needed.
This technique involves construction of concrete columns with a bottom-feed, down-hole vibratory probe to transfer loads through weak strata to a firm underlying stratum.
